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Cataract- symptoms, causes and treatment

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A cataract is a development of thick, blurry tissue in the lens of the eye. The lens is created when proteins in the eye collect and prevent the transmission of clear images to the retina. The retina works by analyzing nerve signals from light that passes via the lens. It sends signals, which the optic nerve picks up and sends to the brain.

It gets worse over time until it obstructs your vision. You can get cataracts in both of your eyes, but they usually don’t happen at the same time. Cataracts commonly occur in older people. More than half of Americans will either have cataracts or have undergone cataract surgery by the time they are 80 years old.

Symptoms

  • trouble seeing at night
  • seeing colors as fading
  • higher sensitivity to light
  • Lights that circle the halos
  • Double vision in the affected eye.
  • the need to regularly adjust prescription eyewear

Causes of Cataracts

There are various causes of cataracts. These include:

  • An excess of oxidants, which are oxygen molecules that have undergone chemical modification due to daily living.
  • Smoking
  • Ultraviolet radiation
  • recurrent use of steroids and other medications
  • a few illnesses, such as diabetes
  • trauma
  • Radiation therapy

Types of Cataracts

There are several types of cataracts. They are divided into groups based on where and how they appear in your eye.

  • Nucleus cataracts, form in the middle of the lens and cause the nucleus, or center, to turn yellow or brown, of the lens to become clouded.
  • Posterior capsular cataracts, which affect the back of the lens, develop more quickly than the other two types and have a wedge-shaped look at the nucleus’ edges.
  • Newborn cataracts, which are present at birth or develop over the duration of a baby’s first year, are less common than age-related cataracts.
  • Drugs or illnesses can lead to secondary cataracts. There is a link between the onset of cataracts and two diseases: diabetes and glaucoma. The use of other medications, including prednisone, occasionally causes cataracts.

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